Pronominal anaphora in Basque: annotation of a real corpus

This paper describes the process followed in the annotation of pronominal anaphora in the Eus3LB corpus1 of Basque. Our aim is to use this annotation as the basis for later computational treatment of our language. We present the linguistic analysis carried out, the criteria defined for the tagging and some relevant linguistic conclusions about the features of the antecedents needed to link them correctly to their anaphoric elements

Strategies to develop Language Technologies for Less-Resourced Languages based on the case of Basque

IXA group has developed during 23 years a basic set of resources, tools and applications for Basque following to an initial strategy which has been adapted according to technological changes. We think that our strategy and experience can be a reference for other less resourced languages. According to a six level classification of world languages, we estimate that this strategy may be useful for several hundred languages, those that have developed a written standard but that still are beginners in Human Language Technology

Teknologia garatzeko estrategiak baliabide urriko hizkuntzetarako: euskararen eta Ixa taldearen adibidea

El artículo comienza presentando varios datos que muestran la situación de la lengua vasca, y a continuación proponiendo una clasificación para las lenguas del mundo según sea su presencia en Internet y en la tecnología de la lengua. El cuerpo del artículo presenta el trabajo hecho por el grupo Ixa en el campo del procesamiento automático del euskara, identificando sus siete hitos principales y describiendo la estrategia que ha guiado este desarrollo. Se plantea que esta estrategia puede servir como referencia para 190 lenguas que según la lasificación propuesta no poseen recursos de tecnología de la lengua pero si poseen una mínima presencia significativa en Internet.Euskararen egoeraren inguruan hainbat datu ematen dira labur-labur, eta horrekin batera munduko hizkuntzak sailkatzeko proposamen bat aurkezten da Interneten eta hizkuntz teknologian duten egoeren araberakoa. Euskararen prozesaketa automatikoan Ixa taldeak izan duen bilakaeraren nondik norakoak zehazten dira gero, hainbat mugarri azpimarratuz eta ibilbide hori jarraitzeko erabili den estrategia deskribatuz. Munduko 190 hizkuntzentzat erreferentzia izan daiteke estrategia hori, hain zuen, Interneten presentzia minimo eduki bai baina oraindik hizkuntza-teknologia mota hau landu ez duten hizkuntzentzat

The Corpus of Basque Simplified Texts (CBST)

In this paper we present the corpus of Basque simplified texts. This corpus compiles 227 original sentences of science popularisation domain and two simplified versions of each sentence. The simplified versions have been created following different approaches: the structural, by a court translator who considers easy-to-read guidelines and the intuitive, by a teacher based on her experience. The aim of this corpus is to make a comparative analysis of simplified text. To that end, we also present the annotation scheme we have created to annotate the corpus. The annotation scheme is divided into eight macro-operations: delete, merge, split, transformation, insert, reordering, no operation and other. These macro-operations can be classified into different operations. We also relate our work and results to other languages. This corpus will be used to corroborate the decisions taken and to improve the design of the automatic text simplification system for Basque.Cerrar texto de financiación Itziar Gonzalez-Dios's work was funded by a Ph.D. grant from the Basque Government and a postdoctoral grant for the new doctors from the Vice-rectory of Research of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). We are very grateful to the translator and teacher that simplified the texts. We also want to thank Dominique Brunato, Felice Dell'Orletta and Giulia Venturi for their help with the Italian annotation scheme and their suggestions when analysing the corpus and Oier Lopez de Lacalle for his help with the statistical analysis. We also want to express our gratitude to the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions. This research was supported by the Basque Government (IT344-10), and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, EXTRECM Project (TIN2013-46616-C2-1-R)

Pronominal Anaphora in Basque: computational point of view and the development of a corpus

This paper describes the process of annotating pronominal anaphor in a corpus of Basque which consists of 54.000 words. Our aim is to use this annotation as a basis for later computational processing. The linguistic study carried out and the criteria defined for the tagging process are also presented in the pape

EXTracción de RElaciones entre Conceptos Médicos en fuentes de información heterogéneas (EXTRECM)

En este proyecto se plantea la extracción de relaciones entre conceptos médicos en documentos científicos, historiales médicos e información de carácter general en Internet, en varias lenguas utilizando técnicas y herramientas de Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural y Recuperación de Información. El proyecto se propone demostrar, mediante dos casos de uso, los beneficios de la aplicación de este tipo de tecnologías lingüísticas al dominio de la salud.This project addresses extraction of medical concepts relationship in scientific documents, medical records and general information on the Internet, in several languages by using advanced Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval techniques and tools. The project aims to show, through two use cases, the benefits of the application of language technology in the health sector.TIN2013-46616-C2-1-R, TIN2013-46616-C2-2-R

Primeros pasos en la anotación tanto manual como automática de informes clínicos en Español

Este artículo presenta la anotación de un corpus de informes clínicos de pacientes de ginecología y obstetricia, así como el desarrollo de un esquema de anotación para su etiquetado manual. Centramos nuestra descripción en el etiquetado manual de los informes y en la adaptación de la herramienta para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural Freeling al dominio médico.This paper presents the annotation of a corpus of gynaecology and obstetrics patient records and the development of an annotation scheme for its hand tagging. We focus our description in the manual annotation of the clinical notes and in the adaptation of the Natural Language Processing analyzer Freeling to the medical domain

Euskarazko denbora-egiturak etiketatzeko gidalerroak v2.0

[EN]To interpret the temporal information on texts, a mark-up language that will code that information is needed, in order to make that information automatically reachable. The most used mark-up language is TimeML (Pustejovsky et al., 2003), which has also been choosen for Basque. In this guidelines we present the Basque version of ISO-TimeML (ISO-TimeML working group, 2008). After having analysed the tags, attributes and values created for English, we describe the most appropriate ones to represent Basque time structures’ information.[EU]Testuetan agertzen den denborazko informazioa interpretatu ahal izateko, informazio hori kodetuko duen markaketa-lengoaia behar da, gerora informazio hori automatikoki baliatu ahal izateko. TimeML (Pustejovsky et al., 2003) etiketatze-lengoaia da zabalduena eta euskararako ere erabili dena. Lan honetan ISO-TimeMLren (ISO-TimeML working group, 2008) euskararako moldaketa aurkezten da; ingeleserako sortutako etiketa, atributu eta horien balioak aztertu ostean, euskarazko denbora-egituren informazioa hobekien islatzen dituztenak deskribatzen dira, hain zuzen ere

Euskarazko denbora-egiturak etiketatzeko gidalerroak v1.0

To interpret the temporal information on texts, a mark-up language that will code that information is needed, in order to make that information automatically reachable. The most used mark-up language is TimeML (Pustejovsky et al., 2003), which has also been choosen for Basque. In this guidelines we present the Basque version of ISO-TimeML (ISO-TimeML working group, 2008). After having analysed the tags, attributes and values created for English, we describe the most appropriate ones to represent Basque time structures’ information.Testuetan agertzen den denborazko informazioa interpretatu ahal izateko, informazio hori kodetuko duen markaketa-lengoaia behar da, gerora informazio hori automatikoki baliatu ahal izateko. TimeML (Pustejovsky et al., 2003) etiketatze-lengoaia da zabalduena eta euskararako ere erabili dena. Lan honetan ISO-TimeMLren (ISO-TimeML working group, 2008) euskararako moldaketa aurkezten da; ingeleserako sortutako etiketa, atributu eta horien balioak aztertu ostean, euskarazko denbora-egituren informazioa hobekien islatzen dituztenak deskribatzen dira, hain zuzen ere